Search This Blog

Showing posts with label dualism. Show all posts
Showing posts with label dualism. Show all posts

Wednesday, 1 October 2014

Scottish verdict - not proved, not settled, not closure


Looking at the ontological argument for the existence of God, which is an argument that claims that we can demonstrate the existence of god simply by an analysis of what the concept "god" means, that by the exercise of reason and reason alone, we can come to the conclusion that a god must exist.

Philosophical reflections support at least four conclusions --
  • Those who claim to know whether God exists display terminal hubris
  • Intolerance is an inappropriate response to worldviews that are different from one's own, religious or otherwise
  • Religious claims are better seen as locutions in an alternative paradigm that construes the world as an arena of intention, rather than in the usual one that construes the world solely as an arena of causation
  • Religious discourse can usefully be seen as a fabric of stories aimed at fruitfully illuminating the human condition
Even examining how one might claim to know that there is, or is not, a deserving target for human worship turns out to be a Scottish verdict.

The ethical monotheists' form of life has two distinct dimensions.  It is an intentionalist paradigm marked by the telling of stories for a purpose.  Supplementing the interpretive categories of science, ethical monotheism adds a nexus of intention to its construal of events.

Not so much an attempt to describe things directly, most of the disclosure of ethical monotheism consists of interpretive stories, fables, myths, and parables designed to highlight the intention/value dimension of the world.  In this context, worship itself is somewhat re-construed, not as obedience at the feet of perfection, but as celebration of the intentional fabric of life in all its forms.

Something approaching dualism invites consideration here by anyone who sees the world in an intentionalist paradigm.  And even those who don't share the intentionalist paradigm can still enlist in the cause although the stories of the faithful will remain to them just stories.






Wednesday, 2 July 2014

The word "God" - used 85% of the time non-seriously



Many (but not all) religions and the people who subscribe to them, affirm the existence of one or more "gods."  The belief in the supernatural may, however, include very specific beliefs about the existence or occurrence of one or more particular supernatural beings that are in some sense, "supreme" beings (that is, not just "superior" to nature, animals or humans).

In the contexts in which it seriously occurs, "god" generally designates some force, entity, being or process that is affirmed as a proper object of human worship. To "worship" some X is to venerate it, address prayers and praise to it, be obedient to it, hold it in awe and as a target for ritual practice, and so on.

Although those who worship some X would seem, by their practice, to imply that it deserves their veneration and so on, there remains an important question to the outsider -- "Does the target of their worship actually deserve it?"  All would agree, however, that anyone who worships something that does not deserve it worships a "false" god.

The affirmation that some X or other is a proper object of worship ( and is, hence, to be called "god") has been articulated in many ways --

  • Animism - All the objects and phenomena have a soul. Worship of the ancestors , superstitions, magic 
  • Polytheism - Believes in several gods who act on the world 
  • Pantheism - Aims its worship at any and all things (either distributively or collectively), seeing them all as inhabited by spirits or beings of the sort that animism singles out. 
  • Henotheism - Belief in or worship of one deity without denying the existence of other deities. 
  • Dualism/bitheism - is the belief that two separate, complementary forces or deities exist (light/dark, wet/dry and so on). 
  • Deism - Believes in a creative God, first cause, who does not intervene in human business



If you don't believe in God, can you say, "Oh my God?"